Ventilator



March 15, 1932. s. A. SPENCER VENTILATOR 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Feb. 18,

fTrl(Il fnyembm I Samz/d/I. 5' e PM l?/ M h 15, 1932. s. A. SPEQCER 1,849,812

VENTILATOR Filed Feb. 18. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 15, 1932 1 UNITED STATES SAMUEL A. SPENCER, F DENVER, COLORADO vrmrrmtron Application filed February 18, 1930. .Serial No. 429,295.

' An object of this invention is to provide an improved ventilator.

A further object of the invention is'to prom vide an improved exhausting nozzle for ventilating ducts.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means for inducing draft in ventilating ducts, chimneys and the like.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of a draftinducing duct terminal.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide improved means for utilizing normal air currents at the exhaust end of a duct to induce '15 an air flow through said duct.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of a draftinducing duct terminal operable by normal air currents irrespective of their direction.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved Venturi-type draft-inducing duct terminal.

' A further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of draftinducing duct terminal whereby a one direction draft uniform throughout the cross sectional area of said duct is maintained through said duct. 1

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved device of the character hereinafter described which is simple and in expensive of manufacture and installation, positive and eflicient in operation and durable in use.

My invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of elements hereinafter set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which 4 Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of my improved ventilating nozzle. Figure 2 is a vertical section axially of the showing of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross section on the indicated line of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a cross section on the indicated line 4:4: of Figure 1, portions of the outer shell being broken away to conserve space. Figure 5 is a side elevation of a modified form of im- 1 proved ventilating nozzle. Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, certain elements being in section to construction.

The invention relates to draft-inducing nozzles adapted to be mounted on and in communication with the exhaust ends of ventilating ducts, chimneys, and the like, in order to establish and maintain an air flow or circulation through said ducts or chimneys, for any purpose whatsoever, the improvement being likewise adapted for direct mountiing on buildings and enclosed structures in communication with the interiors thereof for the purpose of exhausting vitiated air and other gases from said interiors and ventilating said structures.

;,In the construction of my improvement as shown, the numeral 10 designates a hollow better disclose interior cylinder formed of any suitable material, v such as sheet metal, in any desired manner,

said cylinder being open at each end and having a uniform, smooth bore for the free passage of air and other gases. A frustoconical shell 11 is formed of any suitable material and inv any desired manner with an open base having a diameter substantially one and one-half times that of the cylinder 10 and an open lesser end having a diameter approximately equal that of said cylinder, said shell 11 being positioned inaxial alinement with the cylinder 10 and having its open base in telescoping relation about and below the open upper end of said cylinder, means hereinafter to be described securing the cylinder 10 and shell 11 in the relation specified and positioning the lesser endof said shell in spaced, registering relation with the upper end of said cylinder. A plurality of similar vanes 12, in this instance four in number, is mounted within and extends throughout the length of theshell 11, each of said vanes being concavo-convex in cross section throughout its length and tapered along its outer margin to conform with the taper of the said shell 11, said vanes being spaced apart uniformly on the inner surface of the shell 11 with'the convex surface of one vane opposed to the concave surfaceof its adjacent vane, each of saidvanes being secured along its tapered outer margin to the interior of the shell 11 in such manner as to rivets 13 adjacent the upperand lower. ends of said vanes, mid-portions of said vanes being notched out as shown at 14 to provide a common mixing chamber through which communication may be had between the different compartments of the; shell ll defined by the vanes 12. The lower end: of each vane 12 is notched to receive the upper end of the. cylinder 10, and: said vanes12 extend in asmooth curve below the lower end. of the shell l l a' distance substantially equal. to the spacing between the. lower circumference of said shell and the: outer surface of the. said. cylinder to 'terminatein ears 15 fitting snugagainst and. rigidly secured to said cylinder, thus securely supporting the cylinder 1.0 from andv in. the desired relation. with the shell 11 or'vice'versa. Y

In the modification according to. Figures 5 and 6, the construction and relationof the elements10,.11 and 12is in all respects identicalz'with. that above. described, and, in addi tion,-straps-16-are fixed to and rise in; parallel relation perpendicularly from. the upper end of the shell 11 to support a relatively flat, conical cap 11 in spaced relation with and above the upper end ofsaid shell". The cap 17 has an open-base substantially equaling. in diameter the base of the shell- 11 and. a closed apex, which latter may be finished with an ornamental device such as'a final 18, as shown, and said cap is positioned on and secured to the straps 16 inaxial alinementiwiththecylinder. 1.0 and shell. 11.. In addition to the cap 17,.an annular, inclined vane 19 is interposed. on the straps 116 between. said cap and the upper end of. the. shell 11 and secured to said straps by means of integral ears 2O formedonthe inner marginof said vane,.sai'd vane taking the form of a hollow, truncated cone ofzlow altitude and being open atboth ends. In the practical operationv of my improvement, the elements" being assembled and arranged as above described,.the cylinder 10 is mounted in axially perpendicular position with, its 'lower'end-i communicating with a ventilating, duct, chimney or an interior, in such manner as-to pos-iton the shell 1.1 in the path of exterior air currents. When so mounted, any air. current about the cylinder 10: will. impinge on one of the projecting. lower ends of thevanes 1.2 and be deflected upward along the concave surface-of'said vane. and-into the interior of the shell 11, the

angle of the vanes 12 cooperating with their transverse curvature to impart a spiral or swirling motion to the incoming air and enhancing its Velocity. Regardless of the direction of the exterior air currents, the air entering the shell 11 from below may and i 11 being filled: with. air taken in-through its base, said air naturally tends to rise through and escape from. the upper end'. of the shell by Virtue of the spiral arrangement. of the vanes 12' and the'tapered form of the. shell, and this tendency is augmentedbythe suction effect of air currentspassing across said: up.- per end and by the upward air. eddies resulting from currents impingingonthe outer surface of the shell 1.1v from whencethey are defiected upwards, all of. which combines toinduce an upward suction effect augmenting the Venturi effect of the. shell. and vane arrangement, thus inducing. an upwardflow of air through the cylinder 10' and exhausting air and. other gases from the duct, chimney or interior with which said cylinder is operatively connected. It. is obvious that the modified; construction. shown in. Figures 5 and. 6 will function essentially. as above described,the cap. 17 and annular vane 19 serving to entirely eliminate any possible down pressure inthe shell 11 due to exterior air currents. and. modifying the Violence of the suction induced by air currents passingacross the upper end of. said. shell", thus insuring a moderate, steady, upward flow through the cylinder 10 and providing an exhaust nozzle particularly adapted for use with ventilating systems, said cap 17 likewise serving as a baflie to limit the upward flow of air through said cylinder and prevent erratic operation of'the nozzle in air currents of varying intensity;

Since many changes and modifications in the specific form, construction and arrangement of the elements of my improvement may behad without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, I wish to be un derstood as being limited solely by the scope of the appended claims rather than by the illustrative showing and foregoing description.

I claim as my invention 1 1. An air exhaust nozzle comprising a cylindrical duct open at each end, a frustoconical sleeve in axial alinement with. said duct, said sleeve having an. open base of greater diameter than saidv ductv and in spaced, telescoping relation with; one end I:

thereof, and spiral vanes axially of said sleeve and engaging said duct and sleeve, portions of said vanes meeting on the axis of said sleeve above said duct.

2. An air exhaust nozzle comprising a cylindrical duct open at each end, a frustoconical sleeve in axial alinement with said duct, said sleeve having an open base of greater diameter than said duct and in spaced, telescoping relation with one'end thereof, spiral vanes within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments and means on the ends of said vanes engaging said duct whereby said sleeve is positioned on and supported by said duct.

3. An air exhaust nozzle comprising a cylindrical duct open at each end, a frustoconical sleeve formed with an open base of greater diameter than said duct and mounted in axial alinement with said duct with said base in spaced, telescoping relation therewith, transversely-curved, spiral vanes within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments and extensions on said vanes engaging said duct whereby said sleeve is positioned on and supported by said duct.

4. An air exhaust nozzle comprising a cylindrical duct open at each end, a frustoconical sleeve formed with an open base of greater diameter than said duct and mounted in axial alinement therewith with said base in spaced, telescoping relation with one end thereof, transversely-curved, spiral vanes within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments, notches in the meeting edges of said vanes whereby a mixing chamber is formed centrally of said sleeve and extensions on said vanes engaging said duct whereby said sleeve is positioned on and supported by said duct.

5. An air exhaust nozzle comprising a cylindrical duct open at each end, a frust0-conical sleeve in axial alinement with said duct, said sleeve having a base of greater diameter than said duct and in spaced, telescoping relation with one end thereof, transversely-curved spiral vanes within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments, notches in the meeting edges of said vanes whereby a mixing chamber is formed centrally of said sleeve, extensions on said vanes engaging said duct to position and support said sleeve relative to said duct, spaced risers on the lesser end of said sleeve, a hollow conical cap supported by said risers in axial alinement with said sleeve and spaced relation with the lesser end thereof and an annular, inclined vane supported by said risers between said cap and the lesser end of said sleeve.

6. In combination with an air duct having an open upper end, a frusto-conical sleeve formed with an open base of greater diameter than said sleeve mounted on and rising from said duct in axialalinement therewith and with said base in spaced, telescoping relation with the open end of said duct, transverselyspaced relation with the lesser end of said sleeve.

7. The combination with an air duct having an open upper end of draft-inducing means carried by the ope-n end of said duct, said means comprising a frusto-conical sleeve in axial alinement with and rising from said duct, said sleeve being formed with an open base of greater diameter than said duct in spaced, telescoping relation therewith, transversely-curved, spiral vaneswithin said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments, notches in the meeting edges of said vanes whereby a mixing chamber is formed centrally of said sleeve and extensions on said vanes below said sleeve and engaging said duct to support and position the former from and relative to the latter.

8. The combination with an air duct havmeans carried by the open end of said duct, said means comprising a frusto-conical sleeve in axial alinement with and rising from said duct, said sleeve being formed with an open base of greater diameter than said duct in spaced, telescoping relation therewith, transversely-curved, spiral vanes within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments, notches in the meeting edges of said vanes whereby a mixing chamber is formed centrally of said sleeve, extensions on said vanes below said sleeve and engaging said duct to support and position the former from and relative to the latter and inclined baffles carried by and in spaced relation with the lesser end of said sleeve.

9. In a device of the character described, an air duct having an open upper end, an upwardly-tapered sleeve formed with an open base of greater diameter than said duct and rising from said duct in axial alinement therewith with said base in spaced, telescoping relation with the open end of said duct, transversely-curved vanes spirally positioned within said sleeve and meeting on the axis thereof to divide said sleeve into uniform compartments, said vanes extending below said sleeve and engaging said duct to support and position the former from and relative to the ing an open upper end of draft-inducing latter-i, notches i1 1" the meeting edges of sail vanes; whereby mixingchamber is formed centre-11y of." saidl sleeve, a. fi'usto conicali cap imaxial alih'ement withzzmdlspa'ced .abovewthe lesser: end of said sleeve andz an: inclined, annular vane betweenrand spaced from said cap and the lesser end ofsaid. sleeve. Signed: at Denver, i-nvthe county-0f: Denver and'i State of Colbrado, this; 2nd day of October, 1929:.

SAMUEL A.. SPENCER. 

